The effect of Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular events and risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review

References

1. • Hui E.
   • Devendra D.
   Diabetes and fasting during Ramadan.
   Diabetes/Met Res Rev. 2010; 26: 606-610
   View in Article

   • Google Scholar

2. The Holy Quran, Sûrah al-Baqarah. p. 2: 183–185.

   View in Article

   • Google Scholar

3. El-Sayed AAA, Sabet EA, Ramadan fasting in diabetic patients: When is fasting not advisable in a person with diabetes?; 2015.

   View in Article

   • Google Scholar

4. IDF and the DAR International Alliance, Diabetes and Ramadan: Practical Guidelines. International Diabetes Federation: Brussels, Belgium; 2016.

   View in Article

   • Google Scholar
5. • Almansour H.A.
   • Chaar B.
   • Saini B.
   Fasting, diabetes, and optimizing health outcomes for Ramadan observers: a literature review.
   Diabetes Ther. 2017; 8: 227-249
   View in Article

   • Google Scholar
6. • BaHammam A.
   • et al.
   Circadian pattern of sleep, energy expenditure, and body temperature of young healthy men during the intermittent fasting of Ramadan.
   Appetite. 2010; 54: 426-429
   View in Article

   • Google Scholar
7. • Roky R.
   • et al.
   Sleep during Ramadan intermittent fasting.
   J Sleep Res. 2001; 10: 319-327
   View in Article

   • Google Scholar
8. • Lessan N.
   • et al.
   The effects of Ramadan fasting on activity and energy expenditure.
   Am J Clin Nutr. 2018; 107: 54-61
   View in Article

   • Google Scholar
9. • Ajabnoor G.M.
   • et al.
   Health impact of fasting in Saudi Arabia during Ramadan: association with disturbed circadian rhythm and metabolic and sleeping patterns.
   PLoS ONE. 2014; 9: e96500
   View in Article

   • Google Scholar
10. • Wolk R.
    • et al.
    Sleep and cardiovascular disease.
    Curr Probl Cardiol. 2005; 30: 625-662
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
11. • Bratusch-Marrain P.
    Insulin-counteracting hormones: their impact on glucose metabolism.
    Diabetologia. 1983; 24: 74-79
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
12. • Hanefeld M.
    • Frier B.M.
    • Pistrosch F.
    Hypoglycemia and cardiovascular risk: is there a major link?.
    Diabetes Care. 2016; 39: S205-S209
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
13. • Salti I.
    • et al.
    A population-based study of diabetes and its characteristics during the fasting month of Ramadan in 13 countries: results of the epidemiology of diabetes and Ramadan 1422/2001 (EPIDIAR) study.
    Diabetes Care. 2004; 27: 2306-2311
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
14. • Trabelsi K.
    • et al.
    Effects of ramadan fasting on biochemical and anthropometric parameters in physically active men.
    Asian J Sports Med. 2011; 2: 134-144
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
15. • Lowe G.
    • et al.
    Blood viscosity and risk of cardiovascular events: the Edinburgh artery study.
    Br J Haematol. 1997; 96: 168-173
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
16. • Danesh J.
    • et al.
    Haematocrit, viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate: meta-analyses of prospective studies of coronary heart disease.
    Eur Heart J. 2000; 21: 515-520
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
17. • Al-Arouj M.
    • et al.
    Recommendations for management of diabetes during Ramadan: update 2010.
    Diabetes Care. 2010; 33: 1895-1902
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
18. • Javanmardi H.
    • Safari A.
    • Borhani-Haghighi A.
    Effect of Ramadan fasting in incidence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
    Int J Stroke. 2018; 13: p. Np2
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
19. • Fernando H.A.
    • et al.
    Effect of Ramadan fasting on weight and body composition in healthy non-athlete adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Nutrients. 2019; 11
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
20. • Bero L.
    • et al.
    The risk of bias in observational studies of exposures (ROBINS-E) tool: concerns arising from application to observational studies of exposures.
    Systematic Reviews. 2018; 7: 242
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
21. • Al Suwaidi J.
    • et al.
    Does hospitalization for congestive heart failure occur more frequently in Ramadan: a population-based study (1991–2001).
    Int J Cardiol. 2004; 96: 217-221
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
22. • Al Suwaidi J.
    • et al.
    A population study of Ramadan fasting and acute coronary syndromes.
    Heart. 2004; 90: 695-696
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
23. • Bener A.
    • et al.
    Is there any effect of Ramadan fasting on stroke incidence?.
    Singapore Med J. 2006; 47: 404-408
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
24. • Comoglu S.
    • et al.
    Effects of Ramadan fasting on stroke.
    Turkish J Med Sci. 2003; 33: 237-241
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
25. • Assy M.H.
    • et al.
    Effect of Ramadan fasting on incidence of cerebrovascular stroke in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019;
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
26. • Ait Saada D.
    • et al.
    Effect of Ramadan fasting on glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, insulin, lipids and proteinous concentrations in women with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
    Afr J Biotechnol. 2010; 9: 087-094
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
27. • Khaled B.M.
    • Bendahmane M.
    • Belbraouet S.
    Ramadan fasting induces modifications of certain serum components in obese women with type 2 diabetes.
    Saudi Med J. 2006; 27: 23-26
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
28. • Khaled M.B.
    • Belbraouet S.
    Ramadan Fasting Diet Entailed a Lipid Metabolic Disorder Among Type 2 Diabetic Obese Women.
    Am J Appl Sci. 2009; 6: 471-477
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
29. • Khatib F.A.
    • Shafagoj Y.A.
    Metabolic alterations as a result of Ramadan fasting in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients in relation to food intake.
    Saudi Med J. 2004; 25: 1858-1863
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
30. • M'Guil M.
    • et al.
    Is Ramadan fasting safe in type 2 diabetic patients in view of the lack of significant effect of fasting on clinical and biochemical parameters, blood pressure, and glycemic control?.
    Clin Exp Hypertens. 2008; 30: 339-357
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
31. • Bener A.
    • Yousafzai M.T.
    Effect of Ramadan fasting on diabetes mellitus: a population-based study in Qatar.
    J Egyptian Public Health Associa. 2014; 89: 47-52
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
32. • Malek R.
    • et al.
    Diabetes and Ramadan: a multicenter study in Algerian population.
    Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019;
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
33. • Maislos M.
    • et al.
    Improved diabetes control after prolonged fasting – the Ramadan model.
    Prac Diab Int. 2001; 18: 149-151
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
34. • Uysal A.R.
    • et al.
    Clinical and metabolic effects of fasting in 41 type 2 diabetic patients during Ramadan [7].
    Diabetes Care. 1998; 21: 2033-2034
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
35. • Traore M.
    • Lemieux S.
    • Galibois I.
    Metabolic and clinical profiles before, during and after Ramadan in Malians with type 2 diabetes. [French].
    Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme. 2014; 28: 83-89
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
36. • Khan N.
    • et al.
    Effects of ramadan fasting and physical activity on glucose levels and serum lipid profile among type 2 diabetic patients.
    Pakistan J Med Sci. 2012; 28: 91-96
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
37. • Al-Hader A.F.A.
    • et al.
    The effects of Ramadan fasting on certain biochemical parameters in normal subjects and in type II diabetic patients.
    Ann Saudi Med. 1994; 14: 139-141
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
38. • Al-Shafei A.
    Ramadan fasting ameliorates oxidative stress and improves glycemic control and lipid profile in diabetic patients.
    Eur J Nutr. 2014; 53: 1475-1481
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
39. • Tiboura G.
    • et al.
    Effect of ramadan fasting on serum glucose and lipid profile Among Algerian type 2 diabetes patients.
    Romanian J Diab Nut Met Dis. 2015; 22: 385-392
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
40. • Alharbi T.J.
    • et al.
    Brief report: Ramadan as a model of intermittent fasting: Effects on body composition, metabolic parameters, gut hormones and appetite in adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Obesity Medicine. 2017; 6: 15-17
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
41. • Matar I.
    • Abdulrahman M.O.
    • Ishaq S.
    Changes in serum lipids and chemistry profiles in type 2 diabetes mellitus during Ramadan fasting.
    Qatar Med J. 2000; 9: 30-32
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
42. • Paul A.K.
    • Khan M.A.
    • Fariduddin M.
    Effect of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric measures and metabolic profiles among type 2 diabetic subjects.
    J Enam Med Coll. 2015; 5: 93-98
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
43. • Litwak L.
    • et al.
    Prevalence of diabetes complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with baseline characteristics in the multinational A 1 chieve study.
    Diab Met Synd. 2013; 5: 57
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
44. • Grundy S.M.
    • et al.
    Diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
    Circulation. 1999; 100: 1134-1146
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
45. • Fowler M.J.
    Microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes.
    Clinical Diabetes. 2008; 26: 77-82
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
46. • Sarwar N.
    • et al.
    Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies.
    Lancet. 2010; 375: 2215-2222
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
47. • Salim I.
    • et al.
    Impact of religious Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of the literature.
    Curr Med Res Opin. 2013; 29: 343-354
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
48. • Turin T.C.
    • et al.
    Ramadan fasting is not usually associated with the risk of cardiovascular events: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    J Family Community Med. 2016; 23: 73-81
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
49. • Hui E.
    • et al.
    Management of people with diabetes wanting to fast during Ramadan.
    BMJ. 2010; 340: c3053
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
50. • Cornelissen G.
    Metabolic Syndrome, Adiponectin, Sleep, and the Circadian System.
    EBioMedicine. 2018; 33: 20-21
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
51. • Noh J.
    The effect of circadian and sleep disruptions on obesity risk.
    J Obes Met Synd. 2018; 27: 78
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
52. • Albrecht U.
    The circadian clock, metabolism and obesity.
    Obes Rev. 2017; 18: 25-33
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
53. • Ajabnoor G.M.
    • et al.
    Ramadan fasting in Saudi Arabia is associated with altered expression of CLOCK, DUSP and IL-1alpha genes, as well as changes in cardiometabolic risk factors.
    PLoS ONE. 2017; 12: e0174342
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
54. • Jabbar A.
    • et al.
    CREED study: Hypoglycaemia during Ramadan in individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus from three continents.
    Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017; 132: 19-26
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
55. • Zinman B.
    • et al.
    Hypoglycemia, cardiovascular outcomes, and death: The LEADER experience.
    Diabetes Care. 2018; 41: 1783-1791
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar

56. Amiel SA, et al., Hypoglycaemia, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in diabetes: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.

    View in Article

    • Google Scholar

57. AlArouj M, Risk stratification of Ramadan fasting in person with diabetes.

    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
58. • Afrasiabi A.
    • et al.
    Effects of Ramadan fasting on serum lipid profiles on 2 hyperlipidemic groups with or without diet pattern.
    Saudi Med J. 2003; 24: 23-26
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
59. • Torimoto K.
    • et al.
    Relationship between fluctuations in glucose levels measured by continuous glucose monitoring and vascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2013; 12: 1
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
60. • Esterbauer H.
    • Wäg G.
    • Puhl H.
    Lipid peroxidation and its role in atherosclerosis.
    Br Med Bull. 1993; 49: 566-576
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
61. • Ghouri N.
    • Atcha M.
    • Sheikh A.
    Influence of Islam on smoking among Muslims.
    BMJ. 2006; 332: 291-294
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
62. • Bravis V.
    • et al.
    Impact of the READ (Ramadan focused Education and Awareness in Diabetes) programme on HbA_1c, weight and hypoglycaemia.
    Diabetologia. 2009; 52: S388-S389
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
63. • Mazidi M.
    • et al.
    The effect of Ramadan fasting on cardiometabolic risk factors and anthropometrics parameters: a systematic review.
    Pak J Med Sci. 2015; 31: 1250-1255
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar
64. • Tang Y.
    • et al.
    Effects of prescription restrictive interventions on antibiotic procurement in primary care settings: a controlled interrupted time series study in China.
    Cost Eff Res All. 2018; 16: 1
    View in Article

    • Google Scholar