Abstract
Aims
Type D personality – defined as high negative affectivity (NA) and high social inhibition
(SI) – has been associated with adverse cardiovascular prognosis. We explored the
differential associations of Type D personality and its constituent components with
health behaviors, emotional distress and standard biomedical risk factors as potential
risk mechanisms in adults with diabetes.
Methods
3314 Dutch adults with self-reported type 1 or 2 diabetes completed an online survey,
including the DS14 Type D Scale. AN(C)OVAs and X2 tests were used to compare participants scoring (i) low on NA and SI; (ii) high on
SI only; (iii) high on NA only; (iv) high on NA and SI (Type D).
Results
Participants with Type D personality (29%) were less likely to follow a healthy diet
or to consult healthcare professionals in case of problems with diabetes management
than those scoring high on neither or only one component. They also reported more
barriers surrounding medication use, diabetes-specific social anxiety, loneliness
and symptoms of depression and anxiety. There were no differences in standard biomedical
risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, HbA1c). After adjustment for demographics, clinical characteristics, NA, and SI in multivariable
logistic regression analyses, Type D personality was independently associated with
2 to 3-fold increased odds of suboptimal health behaviors and over 15-fold increased
odds of general emotional distress.
Conclusions
Type D personality was not related to standard biomedical risk factors, but was associated
with unhealthy behaviors and negative emotions that are likely to have adverse impact
on adults with diabetes.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 20, 2015
Accepted:
January 9,
2015
Received in revised form:
November 24,
2014
Received:
October 6,
2014
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
