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Research Article| Volume 96, ISSUE 1, P76-83, April 2012

Societal correlates of diabetes prevalence: An analysis across 94 countries

Published:December 22, 2011DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2011.11.014

      Abstract

      Aims

      To quantify relationships between societal-level factors and diabetes prevalence and identify potential policy responses.

      Methods

      Using data from International Diabetes Federation, World Health Organization, World Bank, and Food and Agricultural Organization, we extracted recent estimates for country-level variables: total caloric availability; sugar, animal fat, fruit and vegetable availability; physical inactivity markers (vehicles per capita and value-added from service sector); gross domestic product per capita (GDP); imports; and age-adjusted mortality rate. We used generalized linear models to investigate relationships between these factors and diabetes prevalence.

      Results

      Median global diabetes prevalence was 6.4% in 2010. Every additional percentage point of calories from sugar/sweeteners and from animal fats were associated with 5% (OR: 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.07) and 3% (OR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.99–1.06) higher diabetes prevalence, respectively, while each additional unit in fruit and vegetable availability was associated with 3% lower diabetes prevalence (OR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.93–0.99). One percent higher GDP from the service industry was associated with a 1% higher diabetes prevalence (OR: 1.01, 95% CI 0.99–1.02).

      Conclusion

      Macro-level societal factors are associated with diabetes prevalence. Investigating how these factors affect individual-level diabetes risk may offer further insight into policy-level interventions.

      Keywords

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