Abstract
Aims
To examine the relationship between vascular calcification in the foot (FVC) and bone
mineral density (BMD) in the heel of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) subjects.
Methods
65 subjects with type 2 DM and serum creatinine < 125 μmol/l underwent CT scanning of the foot to assess FVC and dual energy X ray absorptiometry
(DEXA) scan to assess heel BMD. Routine biochemistry including osteoprotegerin (OPG)
and Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) was also carried out.
Results
The proportion of subjects with FVC was 43%, whilst 40% had low BMD (T score < −1.0). Age, neuropathy and 25 hydroxyvitamin D were independent predictors of FVC.
Body-weight, eGFR, 25 hydroxyvitamin D, OPG, and total cholesterol were independent
predictors of low heel BMD. There was no correlation between albuminuria and BMD or
FVC. There was no difference in heel BMD between those with FVC and those without,
but those with frank osteoporosis were significantly more likely to have FVC than
those with higher BMD.
Conclusions
There is no clear-cut association between FVC and low BMD in type 2 DM with relatively
well-preserved renal function. Age, neuropathy, eGFR, hyperlipidemia, body-weight,
25 hydroxyvitamin D and OPG play a complex role in their pathogenesis.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 05, 2011
Accepted:
August 1,
2011
Received in revised form:
July 27,
2011
Received:
March 24,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
