Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume 86, Issue 3 , Pages 219-224 , December 2009

Early insulin response and insulin sensitivity are equally important as predictors of glucose tolerance after correction for measurement errors

  • Lars Berglund

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
    • Uppsala Clinical Research Center, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Uppsala Clinical Research Center, University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Tel.: +46 186119515; fax: +46 18506638.
  • ,
  • Christian Berne

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  • ,
  • Kurt Svärdsudd

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health/Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  • ,
  • Hans Garmo

      Affiliations

    • Uppsala Clinical Research Center, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
  • ,
  • Björn Zethelius

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Received 11 August 2009 ,Accepted 15 September 2009.

References 

  1. Kahn SE. The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2003;46(1):3–19
  2. Song Y, Manson JE, Tinker L, Howard B, Kuller LH, Nathan L, et al. Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion determined by homeostasis model assessment and risk of diabetes in a multiethnic cohort of women: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(7):1747–1752
  3. Gerich JE. The genetic basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus: impaired insulin secretion versus impaired insulin sensitivity. Endocrinol. Rev. 1998;19(4):491–503
  4. Hanson RL, Pratley RE, Bogardus C, Narayan KM, Roumain JM, Imperatore G, et al. Evaluation of simple indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion for use in epidemiologic studies. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2000 Jan 15;151(2):190–198
  5. Byberg L, Siegbahn A, Berglund L, McKeigue P, Reneland R, Lithell H. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity is independently related to both insulin sensitivity and serum triglycerides in 70-year-old men. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1998;18(2):258–264
  6. DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Andres R. Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. Am. J. Physiol. 1979;237(3):E214–E223
  7. Zethelius B, Hales CN, Lithell HO, Berne C. Insulin resistance, impaired early insulin response, and insulin propeptides as predictors of the development of type 2 diabetes: a population-based 7-year follow-up study in 70-year-old men. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(6):1433–1438
  8. Frost C, Thompson SG. Correcting for regression dilution bias: comparison of methods for a single predictor variable. J. R. Stat. Soc.: Ser. A. 2000;163(2):173–189
  9. Efron B, Tibshirani RJ. An Introduction to the Bootstrap. London: Chapman & Hall; 1993;
  10. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986;1(8476):307–310
  11. Carroll RJ, Ruppert D, Stefanski LA, Crainiceanu CM. Measurement Error in Nonlinear Models A Modern Perspective. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall; 2006;
  12. Thoresen M, Laake P. On the simple linear regression model with correlated measurement errors. J. Stat. Planning Inference. 2007;137(1):68–78
  13. Zethelius B, Berglund L, Hanni A, Berne C. The interaction between impaired acute insulin response and insulin resistance predict type 2 diabetes and impairment of fasting glucose: report from a 20-year follow-up in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men – ULSAM. Ups. J. Med. Sci. 2008;113(2):117–130
  14. Spiegelman D, McDermott A, Rosner B. Regression calibration method for correcting measurement error bias in nutritional epidemiology. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1997;65(4 Suppl):1179S–1186S
  15. Bays H, McElhattan J, Bryzinski BS. A double-blind, randomised trial of tesaglitazar versus pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diab. Vasc. Dis. Res. 2007;4(3):181–193
  16. Home PD, Jones NP, Pocock SJ, Beck-Nielsen H, Gomis R, Hanefeld M, et al. Rosiglitazone RECORD study: glucose control outcomes at 18 months. Diabet. Med. 2007;24(6):626–634
  17. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1 Suppl):S62–S67
  18. MacMahon S, Peto R, Cutler J, Collins R, Sorlie P, Neaton J, et al. Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 1, Prolonged differences in blood pressure: prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias. Lancet. 1990;31(335):765–774
  19. Berglund L, Garmo H, Lindbäck J, Zethelius B. Correction for regression dilution bias using replicates from subjects with extreme first measurements. Stat. Med. 2007;26(10):2246–2257
  20. Berglund L, Garmo H, Lindback J, Svardsudd K, Zethelius B. Maximum likelihood estimation of correction for dilution bias in simple linear regression using replicates from subjects with extreme first measurements. Stat. Med. 2008;27(22):4397–4407September 30
  21. Soop M, Nygren J, Brismar K, Thorell A, Ljungqvist O. The hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic glucose clamp: reproducibility and metabolic effects of prolonged insulin infusion in healthy subjects. Clin. Sci. (Lond). 2000;98(4):367–374
  22. Bokemark L, Frödén A, Attvall S, Wikstrand J, Fagerberg B. The euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp examination: variability and reproducibility. Scand J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 2000;60(1):27–36
  23. Mather KJ, Hunt AE, Steinberg HO, Paradisi G, Hook G, Katz A, et al. Repeatability characteristics of simple indices of insulin resistance: implications for research applications. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001;86(11):5457–5464
  24. Utzschneider KM, Prigeon RL, Tong J, Gerchman F, Carr DB, Zraika S, et al. Within-subject variability of measures of beta-cell function derived from a 2h OGTT: implications for research studies. Diabetologia. 2007;50(12):2516–2525
  25. Cretti A, Lehtovirta M, Bonora E, Brunato B, Zenti MG, Tosi F, et al. Assessment of beta-cell function during the oral glucose tolerance test by a minimal model of insulin secretion. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2001;31(5):405–416
  26. Hedstrand H, Boberg J. Statistical analysis of the reproducibility of the intravenous glucose tolerance test and the serum insulin response to this test in the middle-aged men. Scand J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 1975;35(4):331–337
  27. Abbate SL, Fujimoto WY, Brunzell JD, Kahn SE. Effect of heparin on insulin–glucose interactions measured by the minimal model technique: implications for reproducibility using this method. Metabolism. 1993;42(3):353–357
  28. Hanley AJG, D’Agostino R, Wagenknecht LB, Saad MF, Savage PJ, Bergman R, et al. Increased proinsulin levels and decreased acute insulin response independently predict the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study. Diabetes. 2002;51(4):1263–1270
  29. Zethelius B, Byberg L, Hales CN, Lithell H, Berne C. Proinsulin and acute insulin response independently predict Type 2 diabetes mellitus in men – report from 27 years of follow-up study. Diabetologia. 2003;46(1):20–26
  30. Nagi DK, Knowler WC, Charles MA, Liu QZ, Hanson RL, McCance DR, et al. Early and late insulin response as predictors of NIDDM in Pima Indians with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetologia. 1995;38(2):187–192
  31. Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Gaskill SP, Stern MP. Decreased insulin action and insulin secretion predict the development of impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetologia. 1996;39(10):1201–1207

PII: S0168-8227(09)00408-2

doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.09.016

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume 86, Issue 3 , Pages 219-224 , December 2009