Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume 74, Issue 2 , Pages 175-182 , November 2006

C(−106)T polymorphism of the aldose reductase gene and the progression rate of diabetic retinopathy

  • Pablo Olmos

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition and Diabetes, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 6513492, Santiago, Chile
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +56 2 354 3863; fax: +56 2 633 8298.
    • ,
  • María-Juliana Bastías

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition and Diabetes, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 6513492, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Valeska Vollrath

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gastroenterology, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Luis Toro

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition and Diabetes, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 6513492, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Arturo Trincado

      Affiliations

    • Ophthalmology Service, San Borja-Arriarán Hospital, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Pablo Salinas

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition and Diabetes, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 6513492, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Juan-Carlos Claro

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition and Diabetes, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 6513492, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • José-Manuel López

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Ana-María Acosta

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition and Diabetes, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 6513492, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Juan-Francisco Miquel

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gastroenterology, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Juan Castro

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gastroenterology, College of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Received 27 January 2006 ,Accepted 16 March 2006.

References 

  1. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 1993;329:977–986
  2. Ohkubo Y, Kishikawa H, Araki E, Myyata T, Isami S, Motoyoshy S, et al. Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study. Diab. Res. Clin. Pract. 1995;28:103–117
  3. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared to conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type-2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet. 1998;352:837–853
  4. Stratton IM, Kohner EM, Aldington SJ, Turner RC, Holman RR, Manley SE, et al. UKPDS 50: risk factors for incidence and progression of retinopathy in type 2 diabetics over 6 years from diagnosis. Diabetologia. 2001;44:156–163
  5. Porte D, Schwartz MW. Why is glucose potentially toxic?. Science. 1996;272:699–700
  6. Wang Y, Ng MCY, Lee S-C, So W-Y, Tong PCY, Cockram CS, et al. Phenotypic heterogeneity and associations of two aldose reductase gene polymorphisms with nephropathy and retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Diab. Care. 2003;26:2410–2415
  7. Ko B, Lan K, Wat N, Chung S. An (A–C)n dinucleotide repeat polymorphic marker at the 5′ end of the aldose reductase gene is associated with early-onset diabetic retinopathy in NIDDM patients. Diabetes. 1995;44:727–732
  8. Olmos P, Futers S, Acosta AM, Siegel S, Maiz A, Schiaffino R, et al. (AC)23 [Z-2] polymorphism of the aldose reductase gene and fast progression of retinopathy in Chilean type-2 diabetics. Diab. Res. Clin. Pract. 2000;47:169–176
  9. Ikegishi Y, Tawata M, Aida K, Onaya T. Z-4 allele upstream of aldose reductase gene is associated with proliferative retinopathy in Japanese patients with NIDDM and elevated luciferase gene transcription in vitro. Life Sci. 1999;65:2061–2070
  10. Kao Y-L, Donaghue K, Chan A, Knight J, Silink M. A novel polymorphism in the aldose reductase gene promoter region is strongly associated with diabetic retinopathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 1999;48:1338–1340
  11. Fanelli A, Hadjadj S, Gallois Y, Fumeron F, Betoule D, Grandchamp B, et al. Polymorphism of aldose reductase gene and susceptibility to retinopathy and nephropathy in Caucasian type 1 diabetes. Arch. Mal. Coeur. Vaiss. 2002;95:701–708
  12. Kohner EM, Tratton IM, Aldington SJ, Turner RC, Matthews DR. Microaneurysms in the development of diabetic retinopathy (UKPDS 42). Diabetologia. 1999;42:1107–1112
  13. Miquel JF, Covarrubias C, Villarroel L, Mingrone G, Greco AV, Puglielli L, et al. Genetic epidemiology of cholesterol cholelithiasis among Chilean Hispanics, Amerindians and Maories. Gastroenterology. 1998;115:937–946
  14. Demaine AG. Polymorphisms of the aldose reductase gene and susceptibility to diabetic microvascular complications. Curr. Med. Chem. 2003;10:1389–1398
  15. Demaine A, Cross D, Millward A. Polymorphisms of the aldose reductase gene and susceptibility to retinopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2000;41:4064–4068
  16. Li Q, Xie P, Huang J, Gu Y, Zeng W, Song H. Polymorphisms and functions of the aldose reductase gene 5′ regulatory region in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chin. Med. J. 2002;115:209–213
  17. Santos KG, Tschiedel B, Schneider J, Souto K, Roisenberg I. Diabetic retinopathy in Euro-Brazilian type 2 diabetic patients: relationship with polymorphisms in the aldose reductase, the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genes. Diab. Res. Clin. Pract. 2003;61:133–136
  18. Hishinuma T, Tsukamoto H, Suzuki K, Mizugaki M. Relationship between thromboxane/prostacyclin ratio and diabetic vascular complications. Prostag. Leukotr. Ess. Fatty Acids. 2001;65(4):191–196

PII: S0168-8227(06)00119-7

doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.03.019

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume 74, Issue 2 , Pages 175-182 , November 2006

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