Effect of fast-food Mediterranean-type diet on type 2 diabetics and healthy human subjects’ platelet aggregation

Karantonis, Haralabos C.; Fragopoulou, Elizabeth; Antonopoulou, Smaragdi; Rementzis, John; Phenekos, Costas; Demopoulos, Constantinos A.

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2005.09.003

« Previous Next »Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume 72, Issue 1 , Pages 33-41, April 2006

Effect of fast-food Mediterranean-type diet on type 2 diabetics and healthy human subjects’ platelet aggregation

Haralabos C. Karantonis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Chemistry, Panepistimioupolis, 15771 Athens, Greece
Elizabeth Fragopoulou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Chemistry, Panepistimioupolis, 15771 Athens, Greece
Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Harokopio University of Athens, Department of Science of Nutrition-Dietetics, 17671 Athens, Greece
John Rementzis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Chemistry, Panepistimioupolis, 15771 Athens, Greece
Costas Phenekos
- Red Cross Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 11526 Athens, Greece
Constantinos A. Demopoulos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Chemistry, Panepistimioupolis, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Corresponding author at: 39 Anafis Street, Athens GR-113 64, Greece. Tel.: +30 210 7274265; fax: +30 210 7274265.

Received 6 October 2004; received in revised form 3 May 2005; accepted 6 September 2005. published online 17 October 2005.

Abstract

Objective

The aim of our work was to carry out a randomized clinical trial with a fast-food Mediterranean type diet rich in platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonist to investigate the effect on type 2 diabetics and healthy human subject's platelet aggregation.

Research design and methods

We extracted lipids from fast-food Mediterranean type foodstuffs, and tested them in vitro for their ability to inhibit or antagonize PAF towards washed rabbit platelets. We chose the foodstuffs that exerted the most potent in vitro anti-PAF activity and fed 22 healthy (group A) and 23 type 2 diabetics (group B) subjects on a diet containing the chosen foodstuffs. The 22 type 2 diabetics (group C) subjects were kept on their regular diet that was being followed before entering the study. Before and after a 4-week diet, all enrolled subjects underwent the following examinations; measurement of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol), high density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol), triglycerides, glucose, HbA_1c, body mass index (BMI), and platelet aggregation in response to PAF, adenosine 5′ diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA).

Results

The chosen diet significantly increased the EC₅₀ values of PAF and ADP to groups A and B (p<0.05). No statistical difference was observed on the EC₅₀ value of group C. No statistical differences were detected among Cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, HBA_1c, BMI, and EC₅₀ for AA values, for any of the three groups.

Conclusions

Consumption of a fast-food Mediterranean type diet rich in PAF antagonist improved platelet response of type 2 diabetics and healthy human subjects against thrombotic, inflammatory and proatherogenic factors.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Platelets, Fast food, Mediterranean-type diet, Platelet-activating factor, Bioactive lipids