Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume 61 , Pages S9-S18 , July 2003

Pre-diabetes, insulin resistance, inflammation and CVD risk

References 

  1. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-year cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care. 1993;16:434–444
  2. Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronemaa T, Pyörälä K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. New Engl. J. Med. 1998;339:229–234
  3. Miettinen H, Lehto S, Salomaa V, et al.  Impact of diabetes on mortality after the first myocardial infarction. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:69–75
  4. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). J. Am. Med. Assoc. 2001;285:2486–2497
  5. Norhammer A, Tenerz A, Nilsson G, et al.  Glucose metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction and no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus: a prospective study. Lancet. 2002;359:2140–2144
  6. Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK. Cardiovascular risk factors in confirmed prediabetic individuals. Does the clock for coronary heart disease start ticking before the onset of clinical diabetes. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 1990;268:2893–2898
  7. Haffner SM, Mykkänen L, Festa A, Burke JP, Stern MP. Insulin-resistant prediabetic subjects have more atherogenic risk factors than insulin-sensitive prediabetic subjects. Implications for preventing coronary heart disease during the prediabetic state. Circulation. 2000;101:975–980
  8. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Haffner SM, Solomon CG, Willett WC, Manson JE. Elevated risk of cardiovascular disease prior to clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1129–1134
  9. Hanley AJG, Williams K, Stern MP, Haffner SM. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in relation to the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1177–1184
  10. Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, et al.  Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovacular disease in apparently healthy men. New Engl. J. Med. 1997;336:973–979
  11. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, et al.  C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. New Engl. J. Med. 2000;342:836–843
  12. Koenig W, Sund M, Fröhlich M, et al.  C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men. Circulation. 1999;99:237–242
  13. Pickup JC, Mattock MB, Chusney GD, Burt D. NIDDM as a disease of the innate immune system: association of acute-phase reactants and interleukin-6 with metabolic syndrome X. Diabetologia. 1997;40:1286–1292
  14. Festa A, D'Agostino R, Howard G, Mykkänen L, Tracy RP, Haffner SM. Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome. The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Circulation. 2000;102:42–47
  15. Festa A, D'Agostino R, Tracy RP, Haffner SM. Elevated levels of acute-phase proteins and plasminogen activator inhitor-1 predict the development of type 2 diabetes. The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Diabetes. 2002;51:1131–1137
  16. Haffner SM, Greenberg AS, Weston WM, Chen H, Williams K, Freed MI. Effect of rosiglitazone treatment on nontraditional markers of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2002;106:679–684
  17. Jialal I, Stein D, Balis D, Grundy SM, Adams-Huet B, Devaraj S. Effect of hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor therapy on high sensitive C-reactive protein levels. Circulation. 2001;103:1933–1935

PII: S0168-8227(03)00122-0

doi: 10.1016/S0168-8227(03)00122-0

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume 61 , Pages S9-S18 , July 2003